Which United States Supreme Court case focused on executive privilege?

The case of U.S. v. Nixon in 1974 is significant as it addressed the concept of executive privilege, which refers to the president's right to withhold information from other branches of government or the public for reasons of national security or to protect confidential communications. The Supreme Court held that while executive privilege exists, it is not absolute. The Court ruled that the demands of the judicial process override a claim of privilege, particularly in the context of the investigation into President Nixon’s involvement in the Watergate scandal. This decision reinforced the principle that no one, not even the president, is above the law and established important legal precedents regarding the limits of executive power and the accountability of government officials.

The other cases mentioned do not primarily deal with executive privilege. Bush v. Gore related to election laws and recounts. Marbury v. Madison established the principle of judicial review, and Johnson v. Texas addressed issues of free speech and the First Amendment. None of these cases directly concern the scope or limits of executive privilege as U.S. v. Nixon does.