Which of the following rights is protected by the First Amendment?

The First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects several fundamental rights, one of which is the freedom of speech. This amendment is crucial as it guarantees individuals the right to express themselves without government interference or regulation. It encompasses not just spoken words, but also written communication and symbolic acts of expression.

This freedom is foundational to a democratic society as it allows for open discourse, debate, and the exchange of ideas, which are essential for informed citizenship and participation in the democratic process. Protecting the freedom of speech enables individuals to discuss, critique, and advocate for changes in government and societal norms without fear of retribution. This right also encompasses the protection of dissenting voices and unpopular opinions, fostering a diverse and pluralistic society.

The other rights mentioned, while important, are not covered by the First Amendment. The right to bear arms relates to the Second Amendment, the right to a fair trial is typically associated with the Sixth Amendment, and the right to privacy, while recognized in various Supreme Court rulings, is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution and is derived from a combination of amendments. Therefore, the correct choice, reflecting a direct protection enshrined in the First Amendment, is the freedom of speech.