What is the main purpose of the U.S. census?

The main purpose of the U.S. census is to count the population for representation and taxation purposes. Conducted every ten years, the census is crucial for determining how many representatives each state has in the U.S. House of Representatives, which is based on population counts. This direct correlation means that states with larger populations receive more representatives, influencing federal legislative power and resource allocation. Furthermore, the census data are used to guide the distribution of federal funds to state and local governments for various services, including education, transportation, and healthcare. This vital process ensures that all communities are fairly represented and that government resources are effectively utilized according to the population needs.