What does the U.S. Constitution do?

The U.S. Constitution is foundational in establishing a federal government, which means it creates a system of governance that divides powers between the national and state governments. This framework allows for a shared authority where certain powers are explicitly given to the federal government, while others are reserved for the states. This federal structure aims to balance power, ensuring that no single entity has absolute control, and it allows for a diversity of laws and policies that can be tailored to specific local needs.

Furthermore, the Constitution outlines the roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government—executive, legislative, and judicial—providing a system of checks and balances to prevent the concentration of power. This is crucial for maintaining democracy and protecting the rights of individuals.

While the Constitution does address grievances in the Declaration of Independence and reflects a response to British rule, its primary purpose is to create and govern the federal system. Therefore, identifying it as the foundation of a federal government captures its essential role in American governance.